This chapter sets out the structure and practice for assessing merger review under the Canadian Competition Act. As with other competition regimes, the fundamental framework of analysis centres on whether a merger will, or is likely to, result in a substantial prevention or lessening of competition (SPLC). We also discuss the enforcement approach taken to merger review by the Competition Bureau. Finally, we examine issues related to challenges by the Commissioner of competition and potential remedies when issues arise. The chapter is available in PDF format below or online from the Global Competition Review website.